20, 112 (2020). Sadrzadeh-Yeganeh, H. et al. . Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. The evolution and competitive strategies of Akkermansia muciniphila in gut (p value 0.005) abundance in PAm group were observed at the Class/Family level relative to control group (Fig. Mol. A slight increase of tlr-4 mRNA level was observed in Am group in comparison with control group. A tendency to decrease biochemical parameters level after both treatments were observed, which accompanied by regulating lipid profiles i.e. Additionally, the upregulation of colonic il-1052 and increased IL-10 and decreased TNF- levels in intestinal fluid were observed in probiotics treated-normal animals53. Increased Angptl4 can play a key role in maintaining intestinal lipid homeostasis. Strategies to promote abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila , an Probiotics for Gut Health and IBS Relief. Akkermansia muciniphila: from its critical role in human health to Recently, probiotics and para-probiotics are widely used for their beneficial role in health and immunity58,59. Scale bar is 50m. Article Health Dis. Dehghanbanadaki, H. et al. 01, and P<0. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). The product does not contain any added animal protein, gluten or yeast. The improvement of gut health by using probiotics is associated with the restoration and maintenance of liver homeostasis, thereby preventing NAFLD57. performed labratory experiments. F.A. Google Scholar. In comparison with viable probiotics, para-probiotics are non-viable and have more effective properties9,17. The probiotic strain animalis ssp. The effect of a live and pasteurized A. muciniphila on study's genes in the liver of normal mice. Akkermansia Muciniphila: The Most Powerful Probiotic You've - BodyBio Moreover, both treatments improved gut barrier function in mice through increasing tight junction proteins i.e. A Critical Perspective on the Supplementation of Akkermansia We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Several lines of evidence have indicated that A. muciniphila, as a closer epithelial bacterium, have an impact on health promotion7,23. Mol. Ashrafian, F. & Behrouzi, A. Genomic DNA removed from RNA by DNase I (Qiagen) then cDNA synthesis was performed using PrimeScript RT Reagent Kit (Takara). Interestingly, alive A. muciniphila significantly induced a higher upregulation of angptl4 in the healthy colon, compared to pasteurized form (p value<0.0001 and 0.01, respectively) (Fig. Effects of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii on serotonin transporter expression in intestinal epithelial cells. The firmicutes/bacteroidetes ratio: A relevant marker of gut dysbiosis in obese patients?. 1D). Endocrinol. 36, 387393 (2018). Exp. Gastroenterol. Rep. 7, 116 (2017). Akkermansia muciniphila is a promising probiotic - PMC Notably, alive A. muciniphila had better immunomodulatory and lipid-regulating effects on the liver of mice. To obtain Google Scholar. We found that orally administrated both forms of A. muciniphila triggered hepatic immune response-/lipid metabolism-related genes in study groups, which indicated improving liver health. PubMed Central Read more interesting articles about our gut and get tips for your gut health! Exp. Free delivery for many products! Google Scholar. 76, 822839 (2018). 2B). Interestingly, the mRNA level of ppar- following both treatments were significantly increased, whereas alive A. muciniphila induced remarkable upregulation (p value<0.0001). Altogether, probiotic and para-probiotic interventions have led to the maintenance of adipose health by regulating energy balance and immune homeostasis. 31, 545561 (2015). It has been also reported that the live multi-strain probiotics were more effective than the non-viable probiotic strains in in improving insulin resistance associated with intestinal microbiota alteration, butyrate production, and il-10 induction48. Thank you for visiting nature.com. Similarly, treatment with the pasteurized form more effectively upregulated tight junction and regulated immune response-related genes in Caco-2 cell line. 1B). Res. muciniphila is a promising candidate for next-generation probiotics to prevent inflammatory and metabolic disorders, including diabetes and obesity, and to increase the response to cancer immunotherapy. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), an intestinal symbiont colonizing in the mucosal layer, is considered to be a promising candidate as probiotics.A. J. Clin. Article 61, S103S105 (2015). Effects of probiotics on gut microbiota: Mechanisms of intestinal immunomodulation and neuromodulation. Jayachandran, M., Chung, S. S. M. & Xu, B. The assessment of a live and pasteurized A. muciniphila effects on mRNA expression of genes in the colon of ND-fed mice. 6, 3951 (2013). Akkermansia muciniphila is a promising probiotic - PMC 5 Lactobacillus and 5 Enterococcus strains) modulate gut microbiota in ND-fed mice by increasing SCFA-producers bacteria67. 18, 112 (2019). Indeed, no accumulation of lipids droplets was observed in both treatments, similar to that control groups (Fig. In recent years, Akkermansia muciniphila and its components such as outer membrane proteins and extracellular vesicles have been known to . But limited research has been performed on whether they can also be effective in maintaining health in normal subjects or animals and further studies are needed for detecting precise molecular mechanism in this area. In addition, the beneficial effects of pasteurized A. muciniphila17 and its extracellular vesicles18,35 have been reported on strengthening intestinal integrity in obese mice, which indicates the positive role of non-viable form of this bacterium. Shahrbanoo Keshavarz Azizi Raftar, Fatemeh Ashrafian, Mohammad Reza Zali, Clara Depommier, Amandine Everard, Patrice D. Cani, Thunnicha Ondee, Krit Pongpirul, Asada Leelahavanichkul, Phebe Verbrugghe, Jn Brynjlfsson, Anne Nilsson, Yuheng Luo, Cong Lan, Andr-Denis G. Wright, Hassan M. Al-Emran, Jannatul Ferdouse Moon, Iqbal Kabir Jahid, Scientific Reports Shimizu, M., Hashiguchi, M., Shiga, T., Tamura, H.-O. Beneficial Microbes 7, 539547 (2016). Overall, in our present research and previous studies, these findings support a strong connection between A. muciniphila and immune, lipid, and intestinal homeostasis, suggesting direct and indirect effects of the bacterium on the improvement of gut health. One of the peripheral organs proved that have a strong association with gut is liver, which is in many respects a reflection of a person's health56 and has multiple functions and cross-talking with other organs. Effect of Akkermansia muciniphila, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and their extracellular vesicles on the serotonin system in intestinal epithelial cells. Dietary supplements are not a substitute for a varied and balanced diet. The potential impact of the abundance of A. muciniphila has been studied in major cardiovascular diseases including elevated blood pressure or hypertension (HTN). Recently, Akkermansia muciniphila an anaerobic member of the gut microbiota, has been proposed as a next-generation probiotic. Microbiol. Changes in gut microbiota control inflammation in obese mice through a mechanism involving GLP-2-driven improvement of gut permeability. Four samples from each group were used for pathology examination. PubMed Central Rev. One consideration in evaluating the safety of probiotics is the recognition of undesirable changes in immune parameters45, owing to emerging evidence that probiotics or their derivatives may have immunomodulatory impacts. Therefore, both forms of A. muciniphila could modulate lipid and immune homeostasis, improved some gut microbiota, and promoted the overall health, while all these effects were dominantly observed in pasteurized form. Probiotic B420 and A. muciniphila | Metagenics Institute Yang, M. et al. Microorganisms 7, 663 (2019). Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. A comparative study of the antidiabetic effects exerted by live and dead multi-strain probiotics in the type 2 diabetes model of mice. Food Sci. Magne, F. et al. 58, 114. Since normal gut microbiota is essential for maintenance of health and intestinal dysbiosis is capable to inducing several diseases, therefore, the beneficial effects of alive and pasteurized A. muciniphila on the gut microbiota pattern was studied. BMC Med. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. A purified membrane protein from Akkermansia muciniphila or the pasteurized bacterium improves metabolism in obese and diabetic mice. Human colorectal carcinoma cell line Caco-2 (ATCC HTB-37) was cultured in DMEM (Gibco, UK), supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated FBS (Gibco) and 1% penicillinstreptomycin (Gibco) at 37C in 5% CO2. Note: take this product with plenty of fluids to ensure that it reaches the stomach; if users have difficulty swallowing or too little liquid is consumed, there is a risk of choking. Overall, these results showed that pasteurized A. muciniphila is involved in the host immunological and intestinal homeostasis at the gut by improving the function of gut barrier and regulating immune response. Overall, these data demonstrated that consuming probiotics can play a vital role in fostering health via improvement of gut microbiota composition. MathSciNet These cookies do not store any personal information. Vitaminol. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), an intestinal symbiont colonizing in the mucosal layer, is considered to be a promising candidate as probiotics. Both treatments increased il-10 expression, while the live form had a greater effect on maintain liver health (p value<0.0001) (Fig. Shin, N.-R. et al. MegaMucosa is the first complete mucosal support supplement of its kind, formulated with key amino acids to REBUILD a healthy mucosal barrier. The findings of this research revealed that both forms of A. muciniphila could play a positive role in intestinal, liver, and adipose homeostasis, indicating their beneficial effects on health maintenance. In conclusion, the above our outcomes displayed that A. muciniphila improved body weight, plasma biochemical and inflammatory markers, and morphology of vital tissues. (approx. Crit. and A. muciniphila. Glucose Metabolism and Akkermansia. Next-Generation Beneficial Microbes: The Case of Akkermansia muciniphila # RR037A), and 2X SYBR Premix Ex Taq II (Tli RNase H, Plus Takara, Japan, Cat. Akkermansia muciniphila is a type of bacteria found in your gut. HTN is a major factor in premature death worldwide, and approximately 1.28 billion adults aged 30-79 . Food Sci. Stained sections were evaluated by an expert pathologist, blind to study groups. CAS PubMed Central 001 were considered statistically significant, respectively. Years of scientific research have investigated which nutrients need to be added to our intestines so that they can fully perform their tasks. Article Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucin-degrading bacterium commonly found in human gut. 6, 261274 (2011). It is a super probiotic that can only live in the intestines. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. A review of a potential and promising probiotic candidateAkkermansia Front. Zhai, Q., Feng, S., Arjan, N. & Chen, W. A next generation probiotic, Akkermansia muciniphila. Effects of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium - Springer The anti-inflammatory effects of Akkermansia muciniphila and its derivates in HFD/CCL4-induced murine model of liver injury, Supplementation with Akkermansia muciniphila in overweight and obese human volunteers: a proof-of-concept exploratory study, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5 improves saturated fat-induced obesity mouse model through the enhanced intestinal Akkermansia muciniphila, Evaluation of hypoglycemic effect, safety and immunomodulation of Prevotella copri in mice, Rational consideration of Akkermansia muciniphila targeting intestinal health: advantages and challenges, Quinoa whole grain diet compromises the changes of gut microbiota and colonic colitis induced by dextran Sulfate sodium in C57BL/6 mice, Pyroglutamyl leucine, a peptide in fermented foods, attenuates dysbiosis by increasing host antimicrobial peptide, Genomic analysis and in vivo efficacy of Pediococcus acidilactici as a potential probiotic to prevent hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and gastrointestinal infections, Regulation of viable/inactivated/lysed probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum H6 on intestinal microbiota and metabolites in hypercholesterolemic mice, https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308778, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Akkermansia muciniphila exerts immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects on gliadin-stimulated THP-1 derived macrophages, Physiological benefits of Akkermansia muciniphila under high-altitude hypoxia, Akkermansia muciniphila: paradigm for next-generation beneficial microorganisms, Extracellular vesicles and pasteurized cells derived from Akkermansia muciniphila protect against high-fat induced obesity in mice, Cancel Adipose tissue is an immunological organ that plays a key role in the homeostasis of energy and stores extra lipids61. 8, 1765 (2017). For analysis of the relative difference of gene expression among treatments and control groups in both cell line and mice as well as generation of figures, GraphPad Prism 8.0 (GraphPad Software Inc, CA, USA) was used. Gene expression analysis showed tight junction proteins were upregulated, similar to mice's colon. Dao, M. C. et al. The gavage of alive A. muciniphila remarkably suppressed the hepatic expression of tlr-4 gene (p value<0.0001). Article Real-time PCR was carried out by RealQ Plus Master Mix Green (Amplicon, Denmark). But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Google Scholar. Commensal microbiota induces colonic barrier structure and functions that contribute to homeostasis. ppar- and tgf-) in the eWAT of ND-fed mice. Nutr. Nutrients 11, 2642 (2019). PubMed https://doi.org/10.1530/JME-16-0054 (2017). J. Immunol. Yang, Y.-W. et al. Google Scholar. 01, and P<0. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles PubMed These findings are consistent with other recent research demonstrated beneficial lipid-lowering effects of alive A. muciniphila in normal mice7. Ther. Microbiol. A reduction in tlr-4 and il-6 mRNA level (p value 0.002 and 0.0002, respectively) were seen in PAm group, compared to C group. 8, 266 (2017). Akkermansia muciniphila is a promising probiotic - PubMed Appl. In humans with high body weight, body mass index (BMI), blood cholesterol level, and fasting blood glucose level, it is suggested that the abundance of Akkermansia in the gut is lower than that in the gut of healthy humans. Erben, U. et al. Ecol. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01477-07 (2007). Among the next-generation beneficial microbes that have been identified, Akkermansia muciniphila is a promising candidate. The significantly higher induction of down-regulating cldn-2 was seen in Am group (p value<0.0001). population induced by metformin treatment improves glucose homeostasis in diet-induced obese mice. Int. RNeasy Plus Mini kit (Qiagen, USA, Cat No. For the preparation of pasteurized form, the bacteria suspension was heated at 70C for 30min17. Tel: 0845 528 1296. PubMed Central Rev. 5D). J. Immunol. Eight-week-old mice purchased from Pasteur Institute of Iran (n=30) and maintained on an equal condition including 12h light/dark, 22 (2) C and 4060% humidity as well as received food and autoclaved water ad libitum. Obes. Conversion of CT value to a percentage of bacterial communities was performed by using percentage formula as previously described27. Caco-2 monolayer were inoculated with A. muciniphila (MOI100)and pasteurized A. muciniphila (MOI100) for 24h. The expression of genes: (A) tight junction proteins (zo-1, ocldn, and cldn-1), (B) inflammation-related genes (tlr-2, tlr-4, and tnf-), and (C) angptl4. broad-spectrum probiotic clinically shown to . Akkermansia muciniphila Prevents fatty liver disease, decreases serum triglycerides, and maintains gut homeostasis. J. Neuroinflammation 15, 11 (2018). However, alive A. muciniphila consumption significantly increased the tlr-2 mRNA level (p value 0.003), it was lower than that of pasteurized form. In metabolic diseases, adipose tissue is the first peripheral tissue to be affected by HFD49, therefore, restoration and maintenance of healthy adipose can help to maintain metabolic homeostasis.
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