[01/19/2022] New information about an unrelated vulnerability we discovered while investigating Log4j attacks, [01/11/2022] New threat and vulnerability management capabilities to apply mitigation directly from the portal, as well as new advanced hunting queries, [01/10/2022] Added new information about a China-based ransomware operator targeting internet-facing systems and deploying the NightSky ransomware, [01/07/2022] Added a new rule group in Azure Web Application Firewall (WAF). Here we are targeting just a select group and will pick the IT Group for this new policy. These access brokers then sell access to these networks to ransomware-as-a-service affiliates. :::image type="content" source="images/asrrecommendation.png" alt-text="The ASR recommendation" lightbox="images/asrrecommendation.png"::: In the recommendation details pane, check for user impact to determine what percentage of your devices can accept a new policy enabling the rule in blocking mode without adversely affecting productivity. Test attack surface reduction (ASR) rules. You signed in with another tab or window. [12/21/2021] Added a note on testing services and assumed benign activity and additional guidance to use the Need help? This detection looks for exploitation attempts in email headers, such as the sender display name, sender, and recipient addresses. Defender for Endpoint includes several capabilities to help reduce your attack surfaces. How to Configure Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) Rules using MEM Microsoft Defender for Clouds threat detection capabilities have been expanded to surface exploitation of CVE-2021-44228 in several relevant security alerts: Microsoft Defender for IoT has released a dedicated threat Intelligence update package for detecting Log4j 2 exploit attempts on the network (example below). Figure 24. [!div class="mx-imgBorder"] You can enable the following ASR security features in audit mode: Audit mode lets you see a record of what would have happened if you had enabled the feature. You configure the ASR rules in audit mode and collect audit data in a Log Analytics workspace. Defender for Endpoint is integrated with Windows 10 and Windows 11, so this feature works on all devices with Windows 10 or Windows 11 installed. If you are evaluating or executing a proof of concept from a 3rd party HIPS (Host Intrusion Prevention System) over to ASR rules, this article will assist you in the planning, development, and proper configuration in MEM. Access to this report granted by Azure AD roles, such as Security Global Admin or Security role, is being deprecated and will be removed in April 2023. Viewing each devices mitigation status. Click Create to apply the rules. Searching software inventory by installed applications. This report also provides information about: detected threats blocked threats devices that aren't configured to use the standard protection rules to block threats MSTIC has also observed the CVE-2021-44228 vulnerability being used by multiple tracked nation-state activity groups originating from China, Iran, North Korea, and Turkey. These rules do the following: ASR rules may block legitimate applications from making changes, so these features come with both an Audit mode and a Block mode. With advanced hunting, you'll see one instance of that event (even though it actually occurred on 10 devices), and its timestamp will be 2:15 PM. Paste the XML code for the feature you want to filter events from into the XML section. Set a description, so that everyone with access to the portal knows the purpose. You can enable audit mode for features or settings, and then review what would have happened if they were fully enabled. In this scenario, put these users in a users group, and assign your Help Desk icon profile to this users group. Navigate to the Microsoft Endpoint Manager admin center and login with your credentials https://endpoint.microsoft.com. This tab provides a method to select detected entities (for example, false positives) for exclusion. We have observed many existing attackers adding exploits of these vulnerabilities in their existing malware kits and tactics, from coin miners to hands-on-keyboard attacks. Use Defender for Endpoint to get greater details for each event. Due to the broad network exploitation nature of vectors through which this vulnerability can be exploited and the fact that applying mitigations holistically across large environments will take time, we encourage defenders to look for signs of post-exploitation rather than fully relying on prevention. On the far right, you can change the time from last 24 hours, last 7 days, last 30 days, or a custom time range of your choosing. In addition, HAFNIUM, a threat actor group operating out of China, has been observed utilizing the vulnerability to attack virtualization infrastructure to extend their typical targeting. Clicking on the ASR rules detections link at the top of the card also opens the main Attack surface reduction rules Detections tab. Each entry must be listed as a name value pair, where the name should be a string representation of a path or a fully qualified resource name. When filtering by rule, the number of individual detected items listed in the lower half of the report is currently limited to 200 rules. A regularly updated list of vulnerable products can be viewed in the Microsoft 365 Defender portal with matching recommendations. Click on Create. List of attack surface reduction events. You signed in with another tab or window. See the Windows Defender Application Control design guide. Clicking on the Chart type, you can view all the data in a table, column chart, stacked column chart, pie chart, donut chart, line chart, scatter chart, and area chart. [12/16/2021] New Microsoft Sentinel solution and additional Microsoft Defender for Endpoint detections. Attack surfaces are generally all points of access where an intruder can probe the system and can perform malicious activities, in such a way to destroy or steal the organizations critical data. Microsoft 365 Defender coordinates multiple security solutions that detect components of observed attacks taking advantage of this vulnerability, from exploitation attempts to remote code execution and post-exploitation activity. Attack surface reduction (ASR) rules deployment overview, Plan attack surface reduction (ASR) rules deployment, Enable attack surface reduction (ASR) rules, Operationalize attack surface reduction (ASR) rules, Attack surface reduction (ASR) rules reference. By creating and configuring a new ASR rule policy in MEM, this will further strengthen your overall security posture. Use the additional data field across all returned results to obtain details on vulnerable resources: Microsoft Sentinel customers can use the following detection query to look for devices that have applications with the vulnerability: This query uses the Microsoft Defender for Cloud nested recommendations data to find machines vulnerable to Log4j CVE-2021-44228. Finding images with the CVE-2021-45046 vulnerability, Find vulnerable running images on Azure portal [preview]. Use the following resources to learn more: More info about Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge, Enable hardware-based isolation for Microsoft Edge, Windows Defender Application Control design guide, Deploying Windows Defender Application Control (WDAC) policies, Windows Defender Firewall with advanced security, Windows Defender Firewall deployment guide, investigate issues as part of the alert timeline and investigation scenarios, Step 2: Understand the Attack surface reduction rules reporting page, Attack surface reduction (ASR) rules deployment overview, Plan attack surface reduction (ASR) rules deployment, Test attack surface reduction (ASR) rules, Enable attack surface reduction (ASR) rules, Operationalize attack surface reduction (ASR) rules, Attack surface reduction (ASR) rules reference, Attack surface reduction (ASR) rules deployment guide, Security-Mitigations (Kernel Mode/User Mode), Event when Network protection fires in Audit-mode, Event when Network protection fires in Block-mode, Blocked Controlled folder access sector write block event, Audited Controlled folder access sector write block event. Example detection leveraging network inspection provides details about the Java class returned following successful exploitation. Figure 19. The ASR rules main Configuration tab provides summary and per-device ASR rules configuration details. ]ga, apicon[.]nvidialab[. [!NOTE] ASR rules now provide the capability to configure rule-specific exclusions, known as "Per Rule Exclusions.". For information about configuring per-rule exclusions, see the section titled Configure ASR rules per-rule exclusions in the topic Test attack surface reduction (ASR) rules. This query looks for possibly vulnerable applications using the affected Log4j component. The next tab, Configuration settings is where you will configure the ASR rules. lightbox="images/attack-surface-reduction-rules-report-main-detections-configuration-card.png"::: Click View detections to open the Detections tab. Due to the many software and services that are impacted and given the pace of updates, this is expected to have a long tail for remediation, requiring ongoing, sustainable vigilance. Many Git commands accept both tag and branch names, so creating this branch may cause unexpected behavior. :::image type="content" source="images/attack-surface-reduction-rules-report-per-rule-exclusion.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the configuration settings for adding ASR per-rule exclusions." Microsoft has also continued to observe malicious activity performing data leakage via the vulnerability without dropping a payload. The Add exclusion page is linked to Microsoft Intune. You can also search for a setting in the top box underneath the settings and before the ASR rules. The following alert surfaces exploitation attempts via cloud applications that use vulnerable Log4j components: Figure 15. This feature is currently available for Windows devices only. Otherwise, register and sign in. Regex to identify malicious exploit string. In this tutorial I will walk you through the steps of creating an Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rule policy in Microsoft Endpoint Manager (MEM) for your Windows Operating Systems and how to view the detections once applied. We are listing them here, as it is highly recommended that they are triaged and remediated immediately given their severity and the potential that they could be related to Log4j exploitation: Some of the alerts mentioned above utilize the enhanced network inspection capabilities in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint. In this blog, we discuss the two attack surface reduction rules introduced in the most recent release of Windows and cover suggested deployment methods and best practices. Enter the names of the files or application that you want to exclude. Select on any of the detections to open with drill-down capabilities. Hope to see you inmynextblogand always protect your endpoints! Since I mainly work with Microsoft Defender ATP and Microsoft Threat Protection with my customers, this is the primary way I view the detections. It returns a table of suspicious command lines. Windows Server 2016 and Windows Server 2012 R2 will need to be onboarded using the instructions in Onboard Windows servers for this feature to work. Attackers use of this malware or intent is not known at this time, but the campaign and infrastructure have been in use and have been targeting both Linux and Windows systems prior to this vulnerability. The remote code execution (RCE) vulnerabilities in Apache Log4j 2 referred to as Log4Shell (CVE-2021-44228, CVE-2021-45046, CVE-2021-44832) has presented a new attack vector and gained broad attention due to its severity and potential for widespread exploitation. As it is currently implemented, in order to configure per-rule exclusions, you must create a new policy in Intune to replace the existing policy. Use RBAC and scope tags for distributed IT which has more information. ASR rules are designed to help your organization reduce the overall attack surface of an endpoint by minimizing the locations where cyberthreats, malware, attacks, and Ransomware tends to emerge from. This technique is often used by attackers and was recently used to the Log4j vulnerability in order to evade detection and stay persistent in the network. By monitoring audit data and adding exclusions for necessary applications, you can deploy ASR rules without impacting productivity. Your organization's attack surface includes all the places where an attacker could compromise your organization's devices or networks. You can use Export to save the full list of detections to Excel. ASR rules can constrain these kinds of risky behaviors and improve your organization's defensive posture to decrease your risk considerably from being attacked with Ransomware, various other types of malware, and other attack vectors. January 21, 2022 update Threat and vulnerability management can now discover vulnerable Log4j libraries, including Log4j files and other files containing Log4j, packaged into Uber-JAR files. Use the checkboxes next to your list of exclusion entries to select items to Delete, Sort, Import, or Export. For customers who have already enabled DRS 1.0/1.1 or CRS 3.0/3.1, no action is needed. Figure 23. Note: Scan results may take some time to reach full coverage, and the number of discovered devices may be low at first but will grow as the scan reaches more devices. Protect and maintain the integrity of a system as it starts and while it's running. On Windows 10 devices, you can add applicability rules so the profile only applies to a specific OS version or a specific Windows edition. Microsoft Defender for IoT sensor threat intelligence update. The specially crafted string that enables exploitation of the vulnerabilities can be identified through several components. While services such as interact.sh, canarytokens.org, burpsuite, and dnslog.cn may be used by IT organizations to profile their own threat footprints, Microsoft encourages including these services in your hunting queries and validating observations of these in environments to ensure they are intentional and legitimate activity. All ASR rules, except for Block persistence through WMI event subscription, are supported on Windows 1709 and later. Shrinking the attack surface. microsoft-365-docs/attack-surface-reduction.md at public To configure attack surface reduction in your environment, follow these steps: Enable hardware-based isolation for Microsoft Edge. This card shows current-state information about the computers in your organization that have the following Three (ASR) standard protection rules set in Block mode, Audit mode, or off (not configured).The Protect devices button will show full configuration details for only the three rules; customers can quickly take action to enable these rules. This report also provides information about: Additionally, this report provides an easy-to-use interface that enables you to: For more information about individual attack surface reduction rules, see Attack surface reduction rules reference. Are you sure you want to create this branch? All attack surface reduction events are located under Applications and Services Logs > Microsoft > Windows and then the folder or provider as listed in the following table. IntroductionThis is John Barbare and I am a Sr Premier Field Engineer at Microsoft focusing on all things in the Cybersecurity space. To view only vulnerable images that are currently running on a Kubernetes cluster using the Azure portal, navigate to the Microsoft Defender for Cloud service under Azure Portal. This can be verified on the main Content hub page. Enable attack surface reduction rules Enable application control. These alerts are supported on both Windows and Linux platforms: The following alerts may indicate exploitation attempts or testing/scanning activity. Help protect the operating systems and apps your organization uses from being exploited. What are Attack Surface Reduction Rules?Attack surface reduction ruleshelp prevent software behaviors that are often abused to compromise your device or network. The threat and vulnerability management capabilities within Microsoft 365 Defender can help identify vulnerable installations. [Optional] In the Scope tags pane, you can add tag information to specific devices. Microsoft can confirm public reports of the Khonsari ransomware family being delivered as payload post-exploitation, as discussed by Bitdefender. This will bring you to the creation of the profile for ASR. It's normal for users to have many devices, such as a Surface Pro for work, and a personal iOS/iPadOS device. If you have a Microsoft Defender 365 E5 (or Windows E5?) After scrolling down one can see the rest of the configuration settings to make sure everything is correct before deploying out the new ASR rule policy. Figure 6. Follow-on activities from these shells have not been observed at this time, but these tools have the ability to steal passwords and move laterally. Configure all available Attack Surface Reduction Rules via custom In Platform, select Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server, and in Profile, select Attack surface reduction rules. It is advisable to enable the ASR rules in the audit mode first so you will not run in to issues. You can customize the notification with your company details and contact information. Type event viewer in the Start menu and open the Windows Event Viewer. In ASR, Network Protection provides only Audit and Block modes. lightbox="images/attack-surface-reduction-rules-report-per-rule-exclusion.png"::: [!TIP] Figure 21. At minimum, Microsoft recommends that you enable these three attack surface reduction standard protection rules: To enable the three standard protection rules: This card has two other navigation buttons: While the ASR rules report summary cards are useful for getting quick summary of your ASR rules status, the main tabs provide more in-depth, information with filtering and configuration capabilities: Search capability is added to Detection, Configuration, and Add exclusion main tabs. Windows 10's Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules are part of Windows Defender Exploit Guard. Microsoft is in the process of updating the behavior of the ASR rules reports to provide a consistent experience. In most cases, when you configure attack surface reduction capabilities, you can choose from among several methods: As part of your organization's security team, you can configure attack surface reduction capabilities to run in audit mode to see how they'll work. Devices with Log4j vulnerability alerts and additional other alert-related context. Put these devices in a devices group, and assign your profiles to this devices group. Recommendation: Customers are recommended to configure Azure Firewall Premium with both IDPSAlert & Deny modeand TLS inspection enabled for proactive protection against CVE-2021-44228 exploit. Find out more about the Microsoft MVP Award Program. Skip to main content Microsoft Microsoft Security Microsoft Security I want to know whether there is any Kusto query to run in Advanced Hunting and get the list of files in audit mode. You can set attack surface reduction rules for devices that are running any of the following editions and versions of Windows: Windows 10 Enterprise, version 1709 or later, Windows Server, version 1803 (Semi-Annual Channel) or later. To streamline the volume of incoming data, only unique processes for each hour are viewable with advanced hunting. This query identifies anomalous child processes from the ws_TomcatService.exe process associated with the exploitation of the Log4j vulnerability in VMWare Horizon installations. This open-source component is widely used across many suppliers software and services. This section will be updated as those new features become available for customers. Attack surface reduction, or ASR, is an umbrella term for all the built-in and cloud-based security features Windows 10 offers that help to minimize the surface of attack, or areas of entry, for an attacker. Its recommended to test in Audit mode before you decide and enable any of the ASR rules in enforce mode. [!NOTE] The three rules that don't support warn mode when you configure them in Microsoft Intune are as follows: Also, warn mode isn't supported on devices running older versions of Windows. This is all customizable and can be exported in a .jpg file to include on a weekly update report to upper management. Attack surface reduction rules can constrain software-based risky behaviors and help keep your organization safe. Exploitation attempt against Log4j (CVE-2021-44228), Azure Active Directory part of Microsoft Entra, Microsoft Defender Vulnerability Management, Microsoft Defender Cloud Security Posture Mgmt, Microsoft Defender External Attack Surface Management, Microsoft Intune Endpoint Privilege Management, Microsoft Purview Insider Risk Management, Microsoft Purview Communication Compliance, Microsoft Purview Data Lifecycle Management, Microsoft Security Services for Enterprise, Microsoft Security Services for Modernization, Attacker techniques, tools, and infrastructure, internet-facing systems, eventually deploying ransomware, Finding and remediating vulnerable apps and systems, Discovering affected components, software, and devices via a unified Log4j dashboar, Applying mitigation directly in the Microsoft 365 Defender portal, Detecting and responding to exploitation attempts and other related attacker activity, Microsoft shifts to a new threat actor naming taxonomy, https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/cve-2021-35247, integration with Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, Vulnerable machines related to Log4j CVE-2021-44228, https://github.com/OTRF/Microsoft-Sentinel2Go/tree/master/grocery-list/Linux/demos/CVE-2021-44228-Log4Shell, centrally discover and deploy Microsoft Sentinel out-of-the-box content and solutions, Possible exploitation of Apache Log4j component detected, Log4j vulnerability exploit aka Log4Shell IP IOC, Suspicious Base64 download activity detected, Linux security-related process termination activity detected, Suspicious manipulation of firewall detected via Syslog data, User agent search for Log4j exploitation attempt, Network connections to LDAP port for CVE-2021-44228 vulnerability, Network connection to new external LDAP server, https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/master/Sample Data/Feeds/Log4j_IOC_List.csv, New threat and vulnerability management capabilities, targeting internet-facing systems and deploying the NightSky ransomware, testing services and assumed benign activity, ransomware attacks on non-Microsoft hosted Minecraft servers, Discovery of vulnerable Log4j library components (paths) on devices, Discovery of vulnerable installed applications that contain the Log4j library on devices. 1121 -> Event when rule fires in Block-mode. As mentioned in the video, Defender for Endpoint includes several attack surface reduction capabilities. Attack surface reduction (ASR) rules are pre-defined to harden common, known attack surfaces. As of December 27, 2021, discovery is based on installed application CPEs that are known to be vulnerable to Log4j RCE, as well as the presence of vulnerable Log4j Java Archive (JAR) files. The following table lists all network protection events. This technique is often used by attackers and was recently used to exploit the vulnerability in Log4j component of Apache to evade detection and stay persistent or for more exploitation in the network. Microsoft has observed attackers using many of the same inventory techniques to locate targets. Sample email with malicious sender display name. Customers can clickNeed help? Attack Surface Reduction or ASR is an umbrella term for a lot of the Windows built-in capabilities and the cloud-based features that Windows 10 offers. Attack Surface Reduction Microsoft Defender Antivirus Exploit Guard contains the following four features. Microsoft Endpoint Manager: Create & Audit an ASR Policy, Prevent actions and apps that are commonly used by malware, such as launching executables from email (.exe, .dll, .scr, .ps, .vbs, and .js), Scripts or applications that launch child processes, Most rules can be set to Audit to monitor activity prior to being set to enforce, Most rules support exclusions based on file or folder names, ASR rules support environmental variables and wildcards. An example pattern of attack would appear in a web request log with strings like the following: . To deploy this solution, in the Microsoft Sentinel portal, select Content hub (Preview) under Content Management, then search for Log4j in the search bar. This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. For a more automated method, registered users can view their attack surface to understand tailored findings associated with their organization. Use user groups when you want your settings and rules to always go with the user, whatever device they use. We also added the following new alert, which detects attempts to exploit CVE-2021-44228 through email headers: Figure 16. In response to this threat, Azure Web Application Firewall (WAF) has updated Default Rule Set (DRS) versions 1.0/1.1 available for Azure Front Door global deployments, and OWASP ModSecurity Core Rule Set (CRS) version 3.0/3.1 available for Azure Application Gateway V2 regional deployments. You plan to attack surface reduction (ASR) rules for the Windows 10 devices. Demystifying attack surface reduction rules - Part 1 Sharing best practices for building any app with .NET. When you select a tile from this view, MEM displays additional details for that profile if they are available. While its uncommon for Minecraft to be installed in enterprise networks, we have also observed PowerShell-based reverse shells being dropped to Minecraft client systems via the same malicious message technique, giving an actor full access to a compromised system, which they then use to run Mimikatz to steal credentials.
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